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Having a history of herpes, HPV, or another sexually transmitted infection (STI) does not mean you would not be considered to be a surrogate mother. There are multiple women who have had an unfortunate event, and experienced a situation where they have contracted an STI, however, they have continued to have a healthy pregnancy once they have taken the relevant medication to remove the infection. The strict health criteria in surrogacy is there to protect the intended parents and the surrogate baby. It will depend on the type of infection, how well it’s managed, and if there are any risks of transferring it to the baby during the pregnancy. Here, we will break down how the different STIs may affect the eligibility of a woman and what steps can be taken if someone is wanting to be a surrogate.
It’s well-known that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common, and many women can live with them for years without experiencing any symptoms. Surrogacy is a medical process involving medical screening, in vitro fertilisation (IVF), and legal protection to make sure the baby, intended parents, and surrogate are safe. The health eligibility criteria is strict, and STIs can affect a woman being accepted as a surrogate, but not always in the way you may think.
Women could be dealing with a virus like herpes simplex virus (HSV) or a bacterial infection like chlamydia, but the decision on a woman being accepted will depend on the type of disease they have, the risk of transmitting it to the baby, and if she has received any treatment.
Let’s take a look at the different forms of infections and diseases that some women are curious to gain further information about.
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In many cases there are surrogates who have herpes, so the answer to this is yes. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) and genital herpes (HSV-2) will not disqualify a woman from becoming a surrogate. Outbreaks can be controlled, or even rare for some women, and if they are under medical supervision, she can still take part in surrogacy. Using the correct antiviral treatment and monitoring the transmission risk to the baby is low. Sometimes, a surrogate mother may be required to take suppressive medication in the third trimester for herpes, and if there are active lesions close to the time of delivery, a caesarian section (C-section) is usually recommended to avoid infecting the baby.
People may have heard of HPV (Human Papillomavirus), it’s an extremely common virus that usually clears up on its own. Many surrogacy programmes will accept women who have had HPV in the past, and not showing any symptoms. They will need to have had Pap smear results for several years, these are screening procedures that check for any abnormalities in the cells of the cervix. Some forms of HPV are linked to cervical changes, this can lead to further examination. However, if a surrogate has passed a medical examination and there are no active lesions or cervical abnormalities, she may be able to take part in a gestational surrogacy programme.
Chlamydia, a bacterial infection, and a part of the STI family can cause complex issues for men and women, especially if it is left untreated. Pelvic inflammatory disease or infertility are just two of the complications that can arise with this STI. However, if a woman has been previously diagnosed with this infection in the past but has completed a full course of antibiotics to remove the infection, and has received negative follow up tests since, she can still be considered for surrogacy. Passing the medical screening will be essential. Some agencies ask for records confirming the successful treatment and absence of the infection. Most women who have recovered from chlamydia can still become a surrogate mother.
Gonorrhea is a similar infection to chlamydia in the sense that it is treated with antibiotics. Provided the infection is removed and the follow up tests are appearing as negative, women may still be able to take part. If there is recent or repetitive infection, or a history of complications it can raise warnings during the medical screening process. It’s highly important to be honest during the medical interviews and provide complete medical records to increase the chance of being accepted.
It’s unfortunate, but most surrogacy programmes will not allow HIV-positive women to take part as a surrogate mother due to the risk of transmitting it to the baby during the pregnancy or birth. We know that it’s possible to have undetectable viral loads, however, many IVF clinics and legal frameworks choose a safer approach to avoid the risks. In addition to this, the legal side and insurance can be complicated. Even though there have been advancements in HIV treatment that have reduced the risk of transmission, becoming a surrogate with this is unavailable in most states and countries. Also, if an embryo is created using HIV-positive genetic material from an intended parent, it should not be transferred to a surrogate’s uterus without her full informed consent, medical counselling, any necessary vaccinations, and she should receive preventive treatment. Doing this protects the health and rights of the surrogate and maintains the medical and ethical integrity in the surrogacy process.
Having an STD in the past like syphilis, HPV, gonorrhea, or chlamydia but have been fully treated and cleared by medical professionals, can still make a surrogate mother eligible. The surrogacy programmes available are more focused on the current health of a woman instead of past infections. Women are likely to have lab tests, STI screening, and a possible pelvic ultrasound prior to being accepted. If there is an absence of an ongoing infection, no permanent damage to the reproductive organs, and they meet other criteria like age, previous pregnancy, BMI, etc., a history of an STD will not automatically make a woman ineligible to be a surrogate.
Fill out this form to share your story with us, so we can create a personalized surrogacy program tailored to your needs.